Equipment

122mm BM-21 MLRS

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214mm Pinaka MBRL

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300mm Smerch MLRS

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ZSU-23-2 Towed Anti-Aircraft System

The ZSU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun system comprises twin 23mm cannons on a towed two-wheel carriage. The cannons are mounted side-by-side between large ring-type trunions. The system resembles the 14.5mm ZPU-2, however the shape and placement of the ammunition boxes (at right angles to the gun carriage) and the prominent muzzle flash suppressers are its distinguishing features. The ZSU-23-2 is a highly mobile, air-droppable weapon. It has an effective anti-aircraft range of 2500 meters. The system is also effective against lightly armoured vehicles.

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ZSU-23-4 Shilka

The ZSU-23-4 is a fully integrated, self-propelled, anti-aircraft system with four liquid-cooled 23mm automatic cannons mounted on the front of a large, flat, armoured turret. The chassis has many components borrowed from other Russian armoured vehicles. The suspension system resembles that of the PT-76 and ASU-85; it has six road wheels and no track support rollers. The driver sits in the left front of the hull; the rest of the crew; the commander, gunner, and radar operator, sit in the turret. The fire control radar mounted on the rear of the turret can fold down during travel. The ZSU-23-4 has the capability to both acquire and track low-flying aircraft targets, with an effective anti-aircraft range of 2500 meters. It also is capable of firing on the move because of its integrated radar & gun stabilization system.

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40mm Bofors L40/70 AA Gun

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ZRK SD Kvadrat

The SA-6 Gainful is a two stage, solid-fuel, low-altitude SAM. It has radio command guidance with semi-active radar terminal homing. The TELAR vehicle is welded with the crew compartment at the front, missiles on the turntable immediately behind the crew compartment and the engine at the rear, with the transmission at the rear of the hull. The torsion bar suspension system consists of six rubber-tired road wheels with the drive sprocket at the rear and the idler at the front. There are no track return rollers. The vehicle has an air filtration and over pressure NBC system and infra-red night vision equipment fitted as standard but the vehicle has no amphibious capability. Three SA-6 Gainful missiles are carried on a turntable which can be traversed through a full 360º with the missiles elevated on their launchers to a maximum of 85º. When traveling the turntable is normally traversed to the rear and the missiles are horizontal to reduce the overall height of the vehicle.

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OSA-AKM

Note: The Indian Army has decided to upgrade it's OSA-AKM air defence systems, due to inordinate delays in the Trishul missile program which was supposed to replace the OSA-AKM system. The $200 million upgrade program for 50 OSA-AKM [and 100 Kvadrat] systems is being done by  Warsaw-based Centrex Trading Limited, Poland's state-owned agency for defence exports, and would be completed by 2002-end. The upgrade package includes replacement of both air defence systems' radars, signaling equipment and radio receivers. The package also includes new digital fire-control and power-pack systems. It is unclear at this point, whether the IAF has also decided to upgrade it's OSA-AKM air defence systems..

The SA-8b Gecko is a single-stage, solid-fuel, short-range, low-altitude, all-weather SAM. The TELAR vehicle is six wheeled with driver's compartment at the front of the vehicle which has accommodation for two; the driver and commander, with access to it via a hatch in the roof. The engine is at the rear. Four command-guided missiles are carried ready to launch, two either side. The main, conical-scan, fire control radar is at the rear of a one-man, gunner-radar operator position and folds back 90º to reduce the overall height of the vehicle for air transport and during high speed road travel.

Image © Dainik Jagran

An OSA-AKM system, based at Adampur AFB. [Image ?? Touching the Sky, P.S. Chopra]

Image © Dainik Jagran

An OSA-AKM system at the 2001 Republic Day. [Image ?? MoD Report, 2000-01]

The radar operates in the H-band with a 360º traverse and has a max. range of 35 km. Each battery also has two missile transloaders based on the same chassis with a long coffin-like blunt pointed tarp roofed structure covering the cargo space and crane. When operating, the blunt point area is raised and the tarped structure is slid to the rear. A total of 18 reloads in boxed sets of three are transferred to the TELAR by a hydraulic crane mounted centrally behind the vehicle cab. In the regiment maintenance battery there is a single radar collimation vehicle using the same chassis. This has a collimation antenna which lies on both sides of the vehicle and overhangs the rear during transit. It is raised during operation and mounted on each side of the hull directly behind the cab.

In operation it is raised and mounted on each side of the hull directly behind the cab. The SA-8b is contained in a rectangular launch box it has improved guidance and speed characteristics to give it a maximum range of 15km. The warhead weight of the missile is 19kg. The reloading time is five minutes. Combat deployment time is four minutes with the system reaction of 26 seconds. The surveillance radar operates in the H-band and has an effective range of around 30 km against a typical target. The tracking radar is of the pulsed type and it operates in the J-band with a range of 20 - 25 km. The I-band guidance radar makes it possible to launch two missiles at the same target, each one responding to a different frequency to frustrate ECM.

Image © Dainik Jagran

An all-view line drawing of the OSA-AKM.

Image © Dainik Jagran

Firing missiles, along the coast of Mumbai.
[Image © Sainik Samachar]

Mounted on top of each missile guidance radar is an LLLTV/optical assist system for target tracking in low visibility and heavy ECM. The radar is also known to have a short-range target acquisition capability. The vehicle is fully amphibious, being propelled in the water by two water jets at the rear of the hull. The vehicle is fitted with an air filtration and over pressure NBC system together with IR systems for the commander and driver. The SA-8b can have six missile canisters with a reconfigured rear end. In 1991, the SA-8b TELs were seen with an additional small sized radar antenna fitted above the surveillance radar. It is possible that the antenna may be associated with a new IFF system.

BEML Tatra 4x4, 6x6, 8x8

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Swaraj Mazda (4x4)

Swaraj Mazda - 4 Wheel Drive

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Swaraj Mazda - 4 Wheel Drive

Manufacturer: Swaraj Mazda Ltd.

Horsepower: 80.9 PS @ 3000 RPM.

Torque: 22.6 kg-m/1750 RPM

Wheelbase: 3365mm

Gradeability: 30º

Turning Radius: 7.5 metres.

Ground Clearance: 354mm

Payload Capacity: 2.5 Tonne

Tyre Size: 12.00 x 20 - 18 PR

Standard Fitments (As per CMVR):

1. Single Speed Transfer Case
2. Power Steering
3. 12.00 x 20-18 PR Tyres
4. Spare Tyre Carrier
5. Limited Slip Differential

Optional Fitments:

1. Cabin Heating
2. Tilt CAB
3. Black out lights
4. Observation Hatch
5. Trailer braking system

Comments: Induction to the Indian Army commenced in 1996 and over 200 vehicles have been supplied till date.

Super Azad (4x4)

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Super Azad (4x4)

Manufacturer: Ashok Leyland.

Payload: 2500 Kg. (2.5 T)

GVW: 7990 Kg.

Wheelbase: 3400mm

Engine: Ashok Leyland W06D.

Max Power: 142 PS @ 3200 rpm

Max Torque: 37.5 kgm @ 2000 rpm

Clutch: 310mm single plate diaphragm clutch.

Gear Box: Ashok Leyland S 6.36 synchromesh (6F+1R).

Transfer Box: 2 speed with dis-engageable front wheel drive.

Steering: Integral power steering.

Tyre: 12.00x20-18 PR.

Cabin: Modern, factory-built tiltable type cabin, with observation hatch.

Body: GS Role, All Steel Body, semi tiltable with tarpaulin.

Max Speed: 85 km/h

Turning Circle Diameter: 16 meters.

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